Generating Fermat's spiral patterns using solutal Marangoni-driven coiling in an aqueous two-phase system

Introduction In recent years, advances in science and technology have enabled researchers to conduct experiments on a wide variety of phenomena, such as fluid dynamics. The Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Hong Kong (HKU) is no exception. Led by Professor Anderson Ho Cheung Shum, the team at HKU has recently completed a key breakthrough in fluid dynamics by developing a three-dimensional Marangoni transport system in an aqueous two-phase system. Conducted in collaboration with Professor Neil Ribe from University Paris-Saclay, the project has greatly enhanced our understanding of this area. What is Marangoni Flow? The Marangoni effect, also known as surface tension gradient or surface viscosity, occurs when a liquid exhibits a difference in surface tension between two regions. This surface tension gradient can lead to the movement of the liquid from higher to lower surface tension. This phenomenon is referred to as the Marangoni flow. Marangoni flow is of particular importance in a number of fields. In particular, surface chemistry, which studies the interactions between solids, liquid, and gas, is closely related to Marangoni flow. In addition, Marangoni flow phenomena are also related to heat and mass transfer, fluid entropy, and heat transfer in micro- and nanostructures. HKU’s Breakthrough in Fluid Dynamics As part of its project, the team at HKU conducted two-phase flow experiments on aqueous solutions with different concentrations of polymer material. By mixing these two solutions together, the researchers were able to produce a three-dimensional Marangoni flow pattern. This pattern allows for the transport of particles and molecules between the two solutions in a manner that was not possible before. The team was also able to model the Marangoni flow pattern and study its effects on heat transfer. This work could lead to more efficient heat transfer systems, which would be beneficial for a wide range of applications. Conclusion The research conducted by Professor Anderson Ho Cheung Shum’s team has led to a major breakthrough in fluid dynamics. By developing a three-dimensional Marangoni transport system in an aqueous two-phase system, the scientists were able to create a new form of Marangoni flow that enables the movement of particles and molecules between the two solutions. This could be applied to a wide range of applications, such as surface chemistry, fluid entropy, and heat transfer in micro- and nanostructures. The findings of this research saw the collaboration between HKU and University Paris-Saclay lead to a groundbreaking accomplishment in the field of fluid dynamics.

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